Prinsip Keadilan Hak atas Air bagi Generasi Masa Depan: Telaah Public Trust Doctrine di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30999/ph.v6i1.2956Keywords:
generasi masa depan, hak atas air, public trust doctrine.Abstract
Permasalahan krisis air semakin mengkhawatirkan karena lambat laun meluas ke berbagai belahan dunia. Hak generasi masa depan atas air terancam. Padahal hak generasi masa depan atas air merupakan hak fundamental yang harus dijaga dan dilindungi untuk memastikan kualitas hidup yang berkelanjutan bagi generasi mendatang. Perlindungan dan penghormatan prinsip keadilan terkait hak atas air memiliki implikasi yang luas dan mendalam bagi kesejahteraan generasi masa depan hadir sebagai jawaban dengan di topang konsep Public Trust Doctrine yang secara fundamental menawarkan dua gagasan pokok tentang status kebendaan dan kepemilikan air diantaranya: a) Air merupakan benda publik (public good); dan b) Negara menguasai sumber daya air dalam kapasitasnya sebagai pemangku amanah dari pemilik air yang sebenarnya (yaitu publik) atas sumber daya air tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang, analisis, dan perbandingan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan kesinambungan dan generasi masa depan hanya akan terjadi jika melihat sumber daya alam dengan optik keberlanjutan. Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD 1945 yang menggariskan bahwa air adalah milik bersama rakyat Indonesia, sedangkan negara hanya sebagai pemegang amanah/kepercayaan. Sehingga untuk menguasai sumber daya air tersebut agar dapat dipergunakan bagi kemakmuran bersama. Sesuai makna fundamendal Public Trust Doctrine.
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